If the default servlet is write enabled (readonly initialisation parameter set to the non-default value of false) for a case insensitive file system, concurrent read and upload under load of the same file can bypass Tomcat's case sensitivity checks and cause an uploaded file to be treated as a JSP leading to remote code execution.
Users running Tomcat on a case insensitive file system with the default servlet write enabled (readonly initialisation parameter set to the non-default value of false) may need additional configuration to fully mitigate CVE-2024-50379 depending on which version of Java they are using with Tomcat.